Which institution is primarily responsible for interpreting the Constitution and ensuring its enforcement?

The Supreme Court is the institution responsible for interpreting the Constitution and ensuring its enforcement. It serves as the highest court in the land and has the authority to adjudicate on constitutional matters. This role includes the power of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to invalidate laws and executive actions that are found to conflict with the Constitution.

The significance of this role extends beyond simply resolving disputes; it ensures that the rule of law is upheld and that all citizens, including government officials, are held accountable to constitutional principles. In doing so, the Supreme Court protects individual rights and liberties against infringement by the legislature and executive branches.

In contrast, while Parliament is responsible for making laws and the State Assemblies have legislative powers at the state level, neither of these institutions has the specific mandate to interpret the Constitution. Similarly, while the Federal Court may deal with certain cases involving constitutional issues, it does not have the overarching authority of constitutional interpretation that the Supreme Court holds. Thus, the Supreme Court's role is essential in maintaining the integrity and supremacy of the Constitution within the judicial system.