What concept refers to justice that exists beyond written laws?

The concept that refers to justice that exists beyond written laws is Jus Natural, often referred to as natural law. Natural law is a philosophical belief that certain rights and moral values are inherent in human nature and can be understood through reason and ethical consideration, independent of any man-made legislation or societal norms.

Natural law posits that there are universal principles of justice that apply to all individuals, regardless of specific legal systems. This idea has been influential in the development of legal thought and theories of justice, underpinning many human rights doctrines.

In contrast, the other terms relate to specific areas of law or legal principles. Jus Civil pertains specifically to civil law or the law governing a particular state. Jus Ad Bellum refers to the right to go to war, focusing on the conditions under which a state may justly initiate conflict. Jus Gentium, or the law of nations, pertains to international law and governs the relations between states rather than the inherent moral or ethical principles that exist independently of written laws. Thus, Jus Natural is the correct concept for describing justice that transcends written statutes.